Ternate: The Clove Trade Network in XIV-XVII Centuries
Ternate: The Clove Trade Network in XIV-XVII Centuries
Irfan Ahmad[1]
Andi Sumar Karman[2]
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji peran Ternate dalam perdagangan rempah (cengkih) abad XIV-XVII. Ternate termasuk dalam salah satu jaringan perdagangan karena wilayah ini merupakan penghasil utama komoditi rempah, khususnya cengkih. Selama periode ini, aktivitas perdagangan rempah di Ternate dilakukan oleh pedagang dari berbagai belahan dunia, seperti pedagang-pedagang dari Arab, Tiongkok, Portugis, Spanyol, Belanda, Inggris, Melayu, dan Jawa. Berbagai catatan sejarah menunjukkan bahwa sebagai kerajaan maritim, Ternate memiliki peranan penting dalam aktivitas perdagangan. Oleh sebab itu, yang menjadi hal penting dan masalah utama adalah bagimana memahami peran Ternate dalam perdagangan cengkih, dalam jalur perdaganan rempah untuk membangun hubungan dengan pelabuhan-pelabuhan lokal maupun internasional lainnya.
Kata kunci: Jalur Rempah, Cengkih, Ternate, Perdagangan.
Abstract
This study discusses the role of Ternate in the spice (clove) trade in the XIV-XVII centuries. Ternate is included in one of the trade networks because it is the main source of spice commodities, especially cloves. During this period, spice trading activities in Ternate were carried out by merchants from various parts of the world, such as Arab, Chinese, Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, Malay and Javanese traders. Various historical records show that as a maritime kingdom, Ternate played an important role in trading activities. Therefore, the most important thing and the main problem is to understand the role of Ternate in the clove trade, spice trade routes to establish connectivity with other ports, both locally and globally.
Keywords: Spice Route, Cloves, Ternate, Trade.
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[1] Staf Pengajar Ilmu Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Khairun. Email: irfan.ahmad@unkhair.ac.id
[2] Staf Pengajar Antropologi Sosial, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Khairun. Email: andisumarkarman@gmail.com
Editor: Moh. Atqa & Tiya S.
Translator: Dhiani Proboshiwi
Image: Aditya Pradana Putra/ANTARA Foto
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